feat(asm): symbol operands ("s") — direct call/branch to a function

A `"s"` input operand feeds a function/global symbol; the template's
%[name] emits the platform-mangled name, so `bl %[fn]` / `call %[fn]`
branches DIRECTLY to it (PC-relative, no register load — one fewer
indirection than register-indirect `blr`).

Lowering: an `"s"` input lowers its RHS normally (a function name →
`ptr @fn`); the rejection added last commit is removed. Emit: a symbol
operand is passed with its OWN llvm type (LLVMTypeOf) and no coercion —
the function value is a `ptr`, and the old coerce-to-register-int path
mistyped it and failed the verifier. New asmIsSymbol helper.

Verified on aarch64: examples/1656 (sx → asm → bl _cb → sx → 42); the
emitted asm is a direct `bl <_cb>` (objdump-confirmed), IR constraint
`...,s,...`(ptr @cb). Flipped 1656 from the rejection lock to a runnable
aarch64 example. zig build test green (665 corpus, 446 unit).

examples/1656-platform-asm-symbol-operand.sx

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 // ASM stream — symbol operand (`"s"`): feed a function/global SYMBOL into the
-// template so a DIRECT `bl %[fn]` (PC-relative, one fewer indirection than a
+// template so a DIRECT `bl %[fn]` (PC-relative — one fewer indirection than a
-// register-indirect `blr`) branches straight to it, with the platform-mangled
+// register-indirect `blr`: no pointer load, a relative reloc, a predictable
-// name emitted by the backend (so the template stays portable — no hardcoded
+// branch) goes straight to it. The backend emits the platform-mangled name
-// `_` underscore). Not yet implemented — rejected at lowering for now. The next
+// (`_cb` on macOS, `cb` on Linux), so the template stays portable — no hardcoded
-// commit implements it and flips this example to run (sx → asm → sx, → 42).
+// underscore. Round trip: sx → asm → `bl _cb` → sx → 42. aarch64-macos-pinned;
+// runs under the JIT here, ir-only elsewhere (the `.ir` locks `"s"`/`ptr @cb`).
 cb :: (n: i64) -> i64 export "cb" { return n + 1; }
 
 tramp :: (n: i64) -> i64 {

examples/expected/1656-platform-asm-symbol-operand.build

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{ "target": "macos" }

examples/expected/1656-platform-asm-symbol-operand.exit

@@ -1 +1 @@
-1
+42

examples/expected/1656-platform-asm-symbol-operand.ir

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+
+; Function Attrs: nounwind
+define i64 @cb(i64 %0) #0 {
+entry:
+  %alloca = alloca i64, align 8
+  store i64 %0, ptr %alloca, align 8
+  %load = load i64, ptr %alloca, align 8
+  %add = add i64 %load, 1
+  ret i64 %add
+}
+
+; Function Attrs: nounwind
+define internal i64 @tramp(i64 %0) #0 {
+entry:
+  %alloca = alloca i64, align 8
+  store i64 %0, ptr %alloca, align 8
+  %load = load i64, ptr %alloca, align 8
+  %asm = call i64 asm sideeffect "        stp x29, x30, [sp, #-16]!\0A        mov x0, ${1}\0A        bl ${2}\0A        mov ${0}, x0\0A        ldp x29, x30, [sp], #16\0A", "=r,r,s,~{x0},~{x30},~{memory}"(i64 %load, ptr @cb)
+  ret i64 %asm
+}
+
+; Function Attrs: nounwind
+define i32 @main() #0 {
+entry:
+  %call = call i64 @tramp(i64 41)
+  %ca.tr = trunc i64 %call to i32
+  ret i32 %ca.tr
+}

examples/expected/1656-platform-asm-symbol-operand.stderr

@@ -1,29 +1 @@
-error: symbol asm operands (`"s"`) are not yet implemented
+
-  --> examples/1656-platform-asm-symbol-operand.sx:10:12
-   |
-10 |     return asm volatile {
-   |            ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-11 |         #string ASM
-   | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-12 |         stp x29, x30, [sp, #-16]!
-   | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-13 |         mov x0, %[arg]
-   | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-14 |         bl %[fn]
-   | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-15 |         mov %[res], x0
-   | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-16 |         ldp x29, x30, [sp], #16
-   | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-17 | ASM,
-   | ^^^^
-18 |         [res] "=r" -> i64,
-   | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-19 |         [arg] "r" = n,
-   | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-20 |         [fn]  "s" = cb,             // symbol operand → direct `bl _cb`
-   | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-21 |         clobbers(.x0, .x30, .memory),
-   | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-22 |     };
-   | ^^^^^

src/backend/llvm/ops.zig

@@ -838,6 +838,19 @@ pub const Ops = struct {
             }
             for (a.operands) |op| {
                 if (op.role != .input) continue;
+                // Symbol operand (`"s"`): a function/global passed as a
+                // compile-time constant (its address) — pass the value with its
+                // OWN llvm type and NO coercion, so the template's `${N}` emits
+                // the platform-mangled symbol (a direct `bl _sym`). Coercing to
+                // a register int (the path below) mistypes it (a function value
+                // resolves to `ptr`) and fails the LLVM verifier.
+                if (asmIsSymbol(e, op)) {
+                    const v = e.resolveRef(op.operand);
+                    param_types[i] = c.LLVMTypeOf(v);
+                    call_args[i] = v;
+                    i += 1;
+                    continue;
+                }
                 const raw_ty = e.argIRTypeOrFail(op.operand);
                 const llvm_ty = e.toLLVMType(raw_ty);
                 param_types[i] = llvm_ty;
@@ -1003,6 +1016,15 @@ pub const Ops = struct {
         return std.mem.indexOfScalar(u8, s, '*') != null;
     }
 
+    /// True if `op` is a symbol operand — constraint `"s"`. The operand is a
+    /// function/global passed as a compile-time constant (its address); the
+    /// template's `${N}` emits the platform-mangled symbol name, so a direct
+    /// `bl %[fn]` / `call %[fn]` branches straight to it.
+    fn asmIsSymbol(e: *LLVMEmitter, op: InlineAsm.AsmOperand) bool {
+        const s = e.ir_mod.types.getString(op.constraint);
+        return std.mem.eql(u8, s, "s");
+    }
+
     /// The positional index of a named operand in the LLVM operand list
     /// (outputs first, then inputs) — the `N` in `%[name]` → `${N}`. Lowering
     /// guarantees every `%[name]` names an operand, so callers can assume a hit.

src/ir/lower/expr.zig

@@ -2366,17 +2366,11 @@ pub fn lowerAsmExpr(self: *Lowering, ae: *const ast.AsmExpr, span: ast.Span) Ref
         var operand_ref: Ref = Ref.none;
         var out_ty: TypeId = .void;
         switch (op.role) {
-            .input => {
+            // Inputs (incl. symbol operands `"s"` — a function/global whose
-                // Symbol operands (constraint `"s"`) — feed a function/global
+            // mangled name the template emits, e.g. a direct `bl %[fn]`). A
-                // SYMBOL whose mangled name the template emits (e.g. a direct
+            // symbol RHS (a function name) lowers to its address (`ptr @fn`);
-                // `bl %[fn]`). Not yet implemented; reject loudly rather than
+            // emit passes it with its own type so the backend prints the symbol.
-                // emit invalid IR (an LLVM-verifier crash). [Phase: symbol ops.]
+            .input => operand_ref = self.lowerExpr(op.payload),
-                if (std.mem.eql(u8, op.constraint, "s")) {
-                    diags.addFmt(.err, span, "symbol asm operands (`\"s\"`) are not yet implemented", .{});
-                    return self.emitPlaceholder("inline_asm");
-                }
-                operand_ref = self.lowerExpr(op.payload);
-            },
             .out_value => out_ty = self.resolveTypeWithBindings(op.payload),
             .out_place => {
                 // Read-write (`+`) outputs tie an input to the output and seed