test: migrate examples to XXXX-category-name layout + split expected streams

Rename all example tests/companions to the XXXX-category-test-name scheme
(per-category 100-blocks: basic 0010, types 0100, ... errors 1000,
diagnostics 1100, ffi 1200, ffi-objc 1300, ffi-jni 1400, vectors 1500,
platform 1600). Companions and dir/C fixtures move in lockstep with their
parent test; #import/#source/#include paths rewritten to match.

Expected output now lives in examples/expected/ (a sibling dir of the
tests) split into three streams per the new convention:
  <name>.exit / <name>.stdout / <name>.stderr  (+ optional <name>.ir)

run_examples.sh rewritten: scans examples/ and issues/ for an
expected/<name>.exit marker, captures stdout and stderr separately (no
more 2>&1), compares each stream + exit + optional IR snapshot.

Behavior validated unchanged: every renamed test reproduces its prior
merged output + exit (diffs limited to file paths/basenames embedded in
diagnostics + traces, which correctly reflect the new names). Suite:
292 passed, 0 failed. 50-smoke.sx split + issue relocation + docs follow
in subsequent commits.

examples/1031-errors-process-exit.sx

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// `process.exit` (ERR step E4.1): immediate process termination with an exit
+// code. No `defer` / `onfail` cleanup runs and no error-trace frames are pushed
+// — it's POSIX `_exit(2)`. Here a runtime call exits 42; the line after never
+// runs. (sx `print` writes unbuffered via `write(2)`, so the "starting" line
+// still appears despite `_exit` skipping the stdio flush.) Expected exit: 42.
+
+#import "modules/std.sx";
+proc :: #import "modules/process.sx";
+
+main :: () -> s32 {
+    print("starting\n");
+    proc.exit(42);
+    print("unreachable\n");
+    return 0;
+}