// `!` on an error binding is the truthiness complement of `if e` (issue // 0129). Pre-fix, `!` lowered as a bitwise not, so a nonzero error tag // stayed nonzero and `if !e` held even on a SET error — with the success // value read as garbage. Integer operands get the same `!x ≡ x == 0` // semantics. #import "modules/std.sx"; E :: error { Boom } f :: (fail: bool) -> (i64, !E) { if fail { raise error.Boom; } return 42; } main :: () -> i32 { // set error: `if e` holds, `if !e` must NOT v, e := f(true); took_e := false; if e { took_e = true; } if !e { print("BUG: !e held on a set error (v={})\n", v); return 1; } if !took_e { print("BUG: if e did not hold on a set error\n"); return 2; } // success: `if !e` holds and the value is real v2, e2 := f(false); if e2 { print("BUG: e2 set on success\n"); return 3; } if !e2 { print("ok: !e2 on success, v2={}\n", v2); } // integers: `!n` is `n == 0`, not a bit flip n := 7; if !n { print("BUG: !7 held\n"); return 4; } z := 0; if !z { print("ok: !0 holds\n"); } print("done\n"); return 0; }