Files
sx/examples/1209-ffi-01-primitives.sx
agra bdd0e96d78 feat(lang): block value requires no trailing ; (Rust-style)
A block's value is now its last statement ONLY when that statement is a
trailing expression with no `;`. A trailing `;` discards the value,
leaving the block void. This makes value-vs-statement explicit and lets
the compiler reject "this block was supposed to produce a value".

Compiler:
- Parser records `Block.produces_value` (last stmt is a no-`;` trailing
  expression) + `Block.discarded_semi` (the `;` that discarded a value),
  via `expectSemicolonAfter`. A trailing expression before `}` may now
  omit its `;` (previously a parse error). Match-arm and else-arm bodies
  are built value-producing regardless of the arm `;` (arms are exempt —
  the `;` is an arm terminator).
- Lowering: `lowerBlockValue` / the block-expr path / `inferExprType`
  respect `produces_value`. A value-position block that discards its value
  is a hard error (`lowerValueBody` for function bodies; the value-context
  `.block` path for if/else branches, `catch` bodies, value bindings,
  match arms). Pure-failable `-> !` bodies (value rides the error channel)
  and a value-if whose branches are void are handled without false errors.
- `defer`/`onfail` cleanup bodies lower as statements (void), so a
  trailing `;` there is fine.

Migration (behavior-preserving — output unchanged):
- stdlib + ~210 examples: dropped the trailing `;` on value-position last
  expressions. `format` now ends with an explicit `#insert "return
  result;"` (it relied on `#insert`-as-block-value, which `;` discards).
- Two `main :: () -> s32` examples that relied on the old silent
  default-return got an explicit trailing `0`.
- Rejection snapshots 0412 / 1013 regenerated (their quoted source lines
  lost a `;`); the diagnostics themselves are unchanged.

Docs/tests: specs.md "Block values" section; examples 0040 (rules) + 0041
(rejection); 3 parser unit tests. Filed issue 0066 (pre-existing
match-arm negated-literal phi-width quirk, surfaced not caused here).

Gates: zig build, zig build test, run_examples.sh -> 343 passed,
cross_compile.sh -> 7 passed (also refreshed its stale example names).
2026-06-02 09:23:50 +03:00

50 lines
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// Phase 0 baseline (PLAN-FFI.md step 0.1): every primitive type passed
// in/out of a C `#foreign` fn via `#import c { #include / #source }`.
// Locks today's parameter + return ABI so Phase 1's lowering changes
// (`#objc_call` / `#jni_call`) can't silently regress us.
//
// Note: c_import maps `signed char` to sx `u8` (see c_import.zig:541)
// — narrow signed-char roundtrips are still surfaced here so any future
// mapping change shows up as a snapshot diff.
#import "modules/std.sx";
#import c {
#include "1209-ffi-01-primitives.h";
#source "1209-ffi-01-primitives.c";
};
main :: () -> s32 {
// Signed roundtrips
print("ffi_id_int(-42) = {}\n", ffi_id_int(0 - 42));
print("ffi_id_short(-1234) = {}\n", ffi_id_short(0 - 1234));
print("ffi_id_s64(huge) = {}\n", ffi_id_s64(9000000000000000000));
// Unsigned roundtrips
print("ffi_id_uint(0xDEADBEEF) = {}\n", ffi_id_uint(0xDEADBEEF));
print("ffi_id_ushort(0xFFFF) = {}\n", ffi_id_ushort(0xFFFF));
print("ffi_id_u64(0x7FEE...) = {}\n", ffi_id_u64(0x7FEEDFACECAFEBEE));
// Narrow char roundtrips (both map to u8 in current sx)
print("ffi_id_schar(127) = {}\n", ffi_id_schar(127));
print("ffi_id_uchar(255) = {}\n", ffi_id_uchar(255));
// Floating point
print("ffi_id_f32(3.5) = {}\n", ffi_id_f32(3.5));
print("ffi_id_f64(1.5) = {}\n", ffi_id_f64(1.5));
// Pointer roundtrip — proves *void survives the boundary
sentinel : s32 = 42;
p_in : *void = xx @sentinel;
p_out := ffi_id_ptr(p_in);
addr_in : u64 = xx p_in;
addr_out : u64 = xx p_out;
print("ffi_id_ptr roundtrip = {}\n", addr_in == addr_out);
// Arithmetic helpers — exercise multi-arg ABI
print("ffi_add_int(7, 8) = {}\n", ffi_add_int(7, 8));
print("ffi_add_double(0.25, 0.75) = {}\n", ffi_add_double(0.25, 0.75));
0
}