Files
sx/examples/errors/1029-errors-failable-or-chain-propagate.sx
agra 213cedf0b5 refactor: canonical failable syntax (T, !) — remove the bare -> T ! sugar
The trailing-`!`-after-the-value-type spelling (`-> T !`, `-> Tuple(A,B) !`) was a
redundant second way to write a failable return that the parser folded into the
same AST as the parenthesized `(T, !)` / `(A, B, !)` result list. Remove it so
there is ONE canonical spelling: the error channel always rides as the last slot
of the parenthesized list.

- parser: `parseFnReturnType` no longer folds a trailing `!` after a value type —
  it rejects it with a located diagnostic ("a failable return is written `(T, !)`
  … not `T !`"). This one chokepoint covers fn declarations, lambdas, fn-pointer
  types `(A) -> R`, and closure types `Closure(A) -> R`. The error-ONLY `-> !` /
  `-> !ErrSet` form is unaffected (parsed by parseTypeExpr as an error_type_expr).
- migrated every usage to canonical form across library/ + examples/ + issues/ +
  tests/: `-> T !E` → `-> (T, !E)`; the value-carrying `-> Tuple(A, B) !` (which
  FLATTENED to a multi-value failable) → `-> (A, B, !)`, preserving behavior. A
  genuine single-tuple-value failable stays `-> (Tuple(A,B), !)`.
- parser unit tests: the "bare form folds" tests become "bare form is rejected";
  canonical-form parse tests retained.
- docs: specs.md §12 + scattered refs and readme.md updated to the `(T, !)` form.

Behavior-preserving (the bare form was sugar for the same AST). Adversarial review
confirmed: rejection complete across all positions, every canonical form works on
both success/error paths, error-only `-> !` intact, no crashes. Full suite green
(unit tests + 850 corpus examples).
2026-06-27 18:11:20 +03:00

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// Failable `or` chain propagation (ERR step E2.4b). When every operand of a
// `try … or try …` chain fails and there is no value terminator, the final
// failure propagates to the enclosing function — here `main`, so the E4.2
// entry-point wrapper prints the unhandled-error header + return trace to
// stderr and exits 1. Each failed attempt contributes its `raise` frame plus
// the chain-attempt frame, so three all-failing attempts leave six frames
// (locations are placeholders until DWARF / E3.0). Expected exit code: 1.
#import "modules/std.sx";
E :: error { A };
fa :: (n: i32) -> (i32, !E) {
if n == 0 { raise error.A; }
return n;
}
main :: () -> (i32, !E) {
v := try fa(0) or try fa(0) or try fa(0); // all fail → propagate to main
return v;
}