d8076b9333
Surface rename of the signed integer family: s1..s64 become i1..i64
(u1..u64, usize, isize unchanged). 'string' keeps the s-prefix arm in
name classification; width parsing moves to the i-prefix arm next to
isize.
Internal TypeId tags follow the surface (.s8/.s16/.s32/.s64 ->
.i8/.i16/.i32/.i64), as do mono-key mangle fragments (ptr_i64,
tu_i64_bool) and all display/diagnostic formatting (i{d}).
Migrated in the same sweep: stdlib + examples + issue repros + FFI C
companions (shared symbol names like ffi_id_i64), expected
stdout/stderr/ir snapshots, specs.md, readme.md, CLAUDE.md/AGENTS.md,
implementation_plan.md, docs/, issue writeups. Vendored stb_image and
historical flow state left untouched.
zig build test: 426/426; examples suite: 595/595.
87 lines
5.5 KiB
Markdown
87 lines
5.5 KiB
Markdown
# 0094 — assigning to a missing struct field panics with "unresolved type reached LLVM emission"
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> **RESOLVED** (F0.10). **Root cause:** the lvalue field lookup never diagnosed a
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> missing field. In `Lowering.lowerAssignment`'s `.field_access` target path
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> (`src/ir/lower.zig`), `field_ty` started as `.unresolved`; when no struct field
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> matched, the code still built `ptrTo(field_ty)` / `structGepTyped` and stored —
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> so a pointer-to-`.unresolved` reached LLVM emission and tripped the
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> `src/backend/llvm/types.zig` tripwire. The nested lvalue-pointer path
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> (`Lowering.lowerExprAsPtr`'s `.field_access` fallback) had the sibling defect:
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> on a miss it returned `structGepTyped(obj_ptr, 0, .i64, obj_ty)` — a silent
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> field-0/`.i64` default.
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>
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> **Fix (`src/ir/lower.zig`):** all three lvalue field-store sites — single
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> assignment, address-of, and multi-target assignment — route field resolution
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> through one shared helper, `fieldLvaluePtr(obj_ptr, obj_ty, field)`, which
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> resolves struct fields, union/tagged-union direct fields, promoted
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> anonymous-struct union members, tuple elements, and vector lanes (reusing
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> `vectorLaneIndex`), and returns `null` (no field 0 / `.unresolved` /`.i64`
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> default) when nothing matches. Each caller emits the read path's
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> field-not-found diagnostic (`emitFieldError`) on a `null` result:
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> 1. `lowerAssignment` `.field_access` target — delegates to `fieldLvaluePtr`;
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> its own duplicated union / promoted / tuple / vector / struct walk is
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> deleted (issue-0083 two-resolver divergence removed).
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> 2. `lowerExprAsPtr` `.field_access` — delegates to `fieldLvaluePtr`, so the
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> address-of path resolves promoted union members (`@v.x`) — not only direct
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> union fields — and a genuine miss errors. The `.i64` sentinel is gone.
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> 3. `lowerMultiAssign` `.field_access` target — replaced its struct-only loop
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> (which defaulted `field_idx 0` / `field_ty .unresolved` on a miss, silently
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> storing into field 0 — `p.q, y = 2, 3` printed `x=2 y=3`) with the shared
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> `fieldLvaluePtr`; a missing field now errors, and a valid promoted-union /
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> tuple member at a non-zero offset stores into its own slot, not field 0.
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>
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> `fieldLvaluePtr` types every GEP `*field_ty` (a pointer to the field), the
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> convention the single-assign path always used: `emitStore` reads the
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> store-target pointer's IR type and unwraps exactly one `.pointer` level to
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> find the stored value's type. The earlier `lowerExprAsPtr` / `lowerMultiAssign`
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> walks typed the GEP with the *bare* field value type, so a field whose own
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> type is a pointer-to-aggregate (`*Pair`, a two-pointer struct) made `emitStore`
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> unwrap to the aggregate and `coerceArg`'s closure auto-promotion store a
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> 16-byte `{ptr,null}` struct over the 8-byte slot — clobbering the neighbouring
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> field. Consolidating all three sites onto the one `*field_ty` resolver
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> preserves single-assign and fixes that pre-existing multi-assign / address-of
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> clobber.
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>
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> All sites reuse `emitFieldError` (the exact facility the read path
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> `lowerFieldAccessOnType` uses), so the read and write paths reject identically.
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> The `src/backend/llvm/types.zig` tripwire is untouched — the fix is to never
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> produce `.unresolved` for a missing-field store.
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>
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> **Regression tests:** `examples/1145-diagnostics-missing-struct-field-assign.sx`
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> (negative — single-assign, address-of, AND multi-assign missing-field all error,
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> exit 1), `examples/0165-types-nested-struct-field-assign.sx` (positive — nested
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> struct field write + address-of a matched field), `examples/0166-types-union-promoted-member-lvalue.sx`
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> (positive — promoted union member written and address-of'd, including a non-zero
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> offset member), `examples/0167-types-ptr-to-aggregate-field-store.sx` (positive —
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> a `*Pair` field stored via all three lvalue sites leaves the neighbour intact),
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> and three lowering unit tests in `src/ir/lower.test.zig` (single- and
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> multi-assign missing-field field-not-found, plus the `*field_ty` GEP convention).
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## Symptom
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Assigning to a nonexistent struct field (`p.q = ...`) panics during LLVM emission instead of reporting a source diagnostic.
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Observed: the compiler reaches the `.unresolved` LLVM tripwire in `src/backend/llvm/types.zig:175` via `emitStore`.
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Expected: a normal compile error like `field 'q' not found on type 'Point'`, matching the read-field diagnostic path.
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## Reproduction
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```sx
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Point :: struct { x: i64; }
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main :: () {
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p := Point.{ x = 1 };
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p.q = 2;
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}
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```
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Running `./zig-out/bin/sx run repro.sx` currently panics with:
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```text
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panic: unresolved type reached LLVM emission — a type resolution failure was not diagnosed/aborted
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```
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## Investigation prompt
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Fix issue 0094 in the sx compiler: assigning to a missing struct field (`p.q = 2`) panics with `.unresolved` reaching LLVM emission instead of emitting a field-not-found diagnostic.
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Suspected area: `src/ir/lower.zig`, especially `Lowering.lowerAssignment`'s `.field_access` target path around the struct-field lookup (`field_ty` starts as `.unresolved`, no matched field diagnoses, then `ptrTo(field_ty)` is stored) and the related `Lowering.lowerExprAsPtr` field-access fallback that returns `structGepTyped(obj_ptr, 0, .i64, obj_ty)` on lookup failure. The fix should make failed lvalue field lookup loud, reusing `emitFieldError(obj_ty, field, span)` or equivalent, and should not use `.i64`, `.void`, or any real type as a sentinel.
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Verification: run the repro and expect exit 1 with a source diagnostic `field 'q' not found on type 'Point'`; no LLVM panic. Then run `zig build`, `zig build test`, and `bash tests/run_examples.sh`.
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